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This story takes place in my birth region:
Mexico, at the border of America.

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It\'s about the gruesome murder
of a water activist.

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Just before his death, this man
had criticised a Heineken factory.

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That was an interesting story, of course,
for Dutch television.

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You know? True Crime.

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Well, that\'s what we have here.

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However, it\'s a difficult genre in Mexico.

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Because nothing is what it seems.

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This is not a hit man from the narcos.
This is the face of comedy...

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in a city where the people
are very nervous.

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This clown is named Victor.
And he is harmless.

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It\'s a nice man who has to work two jobs
to support his family.

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In the evening, he\'s a street clown.

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One that even scares the police.

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How much is it?
-Thirty pesos.

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Thirty pesos?
-Yes.

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Are they roasted or just cooked?
-They\'re roasted.

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If not, I\'ll come back.
-They\'re very nice.

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I won\'t buy anything from you anymore.
-Just taste them.

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The ones on top are probably roasted,
but the rest isn\'t.

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Thank you.

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Maria and Angel are cheerful people.

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Everybody smiles
when they enter the neighbourhood...

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because they come to bring water.

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But now the bad news:
Water is scarce and expensive here.

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This has serious consequences
for the people in slum areas.

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They spend more money on water
than on rent.

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So now you can put the murder
in a proper context.

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It was very violent. Thirteen bullets.

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That immediately leads you to suspect
drugs in a border town like Tecate.

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But the local media
were talking about water.

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In Tecate, in Baja California,
an indigenous leader has been killed.

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Said Betanzos is there to tell us more:
What\'s the situation?

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Unfortunately, I have to confirm
that he was murdered last night.

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He was killed near his home,
according to the authorities.

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It involved multiple armed men...

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who stopped at his house
and started shooting.

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One week ago, this activist stated...

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that the water of the region
is being hijacked by a brewery.

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And that the water company
has violated the right to water...

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of the indigenous Kumiai population
in Baja California.

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That\'s what this activist
from the ethnic group Kumiai fought for.

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Óscar Eyraud Adams.

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Thank you and talk to you soon.
-Good afternoon.

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We live by the customs and traditions
of the Kumiai here.

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We teach the children the language...

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and about medicinal plants, dishes,
holy places, everything we have here.

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It\'s important for the children
to know where they came from.

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That they have knowledge of our language
and our culture. That they are Kumiai.

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What do you tell the children
about Óscar\'s story?

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He was a Kumiai activist
who fought for our water.

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He took a stand
against the international companies.

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And he wanted his community
to have water at their disposal.

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That we would get wells
to water our crops.

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We didn\'t have water and they should
give back what they stole from us.

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Because actually, it\'s all ours.

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It\'s ours.
The water comes from our soil.

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Our ancestors have left us this land.

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It makes me sad sometimes.

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He was family, he was my nephew.

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He came to visit us
only three weeks before he was killed.

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Óscar talked to us
about the water issues then.

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I told him it was dangerous
to make such statements in the media.

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\'You\'ve experienced a lot of oppression,\'
Óscar said, \'but I haven\'t.\'

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\'What\'s coming will come.\'

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The Netherlands. Most Mexicans
can\'t find it on a map. But I can.

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As a child, I loved
to browse through atlases.

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I know that you\'re living
in the delta area of the Rhine.

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Well, we also have
a world-famous river here.

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Just think of those nature documentaries
on Discovery Channel:

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The mighty Colorado river.

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I\'m cleaning the boat.

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But water is scarce,
so I don\'t want to use water.

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If I use water for this,
I won\'t have enough at home.

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So I only use a broom...

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and I will scrape off the caked dirt.

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The water I would use
is better spent on the animals.

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I was born here, near the river.

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My father said the house used to lie
on a spit of land in the river.

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We ate fish every day.

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I remember my father taking us...

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to parts of the river where
the water had a beautiful red colour.

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We would swim all day
and dive for clams.

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We would eat those all day until sunset.
And then we went home.

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That\'s what life was like here
with my father.

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But the water level
lowered and lowered.

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Are you still a fisherman then?

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I\'m still a fisherman
and I hold on to my licence.

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So you can go fishing again someday?

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I keep hoping the river will flow again.
That all branches will fill up again.

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I think it\'s possible.
Anything is possible.

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That\'s why I still have my gear.

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Because I hope that one day,
we\'ll be able to fish in the river again.

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Like we used to do.

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This is the Colorado river nowadays.

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Seriously. The water of the Colorado
is flowing through that pipe.

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They pump the water across the mountains
to Tijuana and other coastal cities.

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The entire region depends on it.

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Óscar\'s family also lives here,
but I don\'t know their exact address.

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They gather every Sunday.
His brothers, sister and nieces.

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And mother Norma, who wants
to make sure people won\'t forget Óscar.

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That\'s why she invited this film crew.

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Do you remember
how he loved to buy you crisps?

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He would say:
\'Let\'s go buy something at the shop.\'

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And then he would buy sweets for you.
And who was the one who ate them?

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Him.
-He did, right? Do you remember?

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He really had a sweet tooth.
He loved good food.

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One day, we were bored...

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so we went out
and we bought one of those slimy things.

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A jar of slime.

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And he asked me to put it on his face,
because it felt so refreshing.

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But once we put it on his face,
we couldn\'t get it off anymore...

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because it got stuck to his hair.
And we had to cut off his quiff.

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We shouldn\'t upset grandma.
Now I\'m crying.

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There\'s no need.
-I still have to cry.

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You don\'t have to talk about it
if you don\'t want to.

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The memories make her sad.

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She doesn\'t want to talk about the moment
that she understood what had happened.

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I apologise on her behalf.

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She\'s sad and she can\'t talk about it.
I\'m very sorry.

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I came home from work that day...

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when you told me
something had happened to him.

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I sent messages to Óscar and tried
to call him, but there was no answer.

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So we went to the place where it happened.

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A neighbour came and said...

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I asked her if she knew who had died...

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and she said it was Óscar.

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She knew him from when he was little.

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It was very hard to tell mum.
I couldn\'t find the right words.

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I picked up mum from work.

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And I just kept driving around
until everybody was there to support her.

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I kept talking round it...

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until, at some point, I just told her.
I had no choice.

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But she already had a bad feeling.
She knew before we said anything.

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When it\'s time to unload...

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beers are brought to the table
and norteño music is turned on.

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Time for the Calabaceado.

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Isn\'t it wonderful?

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They imitate horses at the farm.

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It\'s about the dust,
you have to kick up the dust.

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Óscar was critical of
the largest factory in the city: Heineken.

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They make beer for gringos there.

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That\'s the only reason the factory
is here, adjacent to the American border.

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Not because the dessert is a logical place
for a factory that uses a lot of water.

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What\'s more, millions of people live here.

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Sometimes the water in residential areas
is closed off for weeks during the summer.

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That\'s very bold.

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But an activist must have the guts
to stand up to such a powerful company.

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Ordinary people
keep silent about these things.

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We talk about football
or a difficult mother in law.

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Or why did I move?

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And would I dare to walk
about the capital city wearing that hat?

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I asked the Dutch people
not to go act tough as journalists.

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Never ask who is behind the murder.
Don\'t endanger the family.

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We won\'t mention company names
for fear of retaliations.

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That\'s what I mean.

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Thankfully, I kept talking
over their answers.

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You could also take a look
at the other battle for water.

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Ninety minutes further on, in Mexicali,
a few years back.

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Here too, Óscar was standing
on the front line during the protests.

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Good afternoon.

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We\'re at my farm
in Mexicali, Baja California...

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to look back on the fight...

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against the brewery
that they wanted to build here.

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The fight to prevent that from happening
was very severe.

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Farmers would run into problems first,
because they wanted to use our water.

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The government had
given them permission to dig a canal.

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Sources that were meant for agriculture...

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They wanted to transfer that water
to the new brewery.

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We protested with tractors.

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And that made
residents of the city realise...

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that they had to protect their water.

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More than 70,000 people
took to the streets...

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to fight against the injustice,
caused by that brewery...

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and by a government that intended
to give this company free rein.

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Have you been an activist before?
-No, I\'ve always lived a peaceful life.

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I\'m just a farmer.
My passion is to work the land.

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The fight continued.

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We went to the place
where they were digging.

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The workmen got angry
because they couldn\'t do their job.

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The contractor called in
the security forces.

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They called the police
so they could do their work.

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But we wouldn\'t let them
and kept on demonstrating.

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Windows were broken
and people started fighting.

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Stones were flying through the air
and the police took strong action.

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Protesters were beaten until they bled.

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But ultimately, we managed
to shut down the construction site.

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We had it checked
whether it was all legally sound...

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in another attempt to prevent
the company from taking our water.

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The farmers were involved
with left-wing activists.

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They drew the attention
of national media...

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to the construction site
of the Corona brewery.

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And suddenly there was a referendum.

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I never thought
that we would win this fight...

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because the company was buying votes.

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Buses arrived
filled with people who were bribed...

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by companies who would benefit
from the new brewery.

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They would just bring these people
to the polling stations.

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We weren\'t very hopeful.

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It was actually an impossible battle.

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Stopping a company like that
is not a small task.

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When the results came in,
we cheered and clapped.

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We were relieved.

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To this very day,
we\'re still happy that we won.

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And of course,
we also shouldn\'t forget this guy.

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This is Leon.

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Who, by the way,
turns off the tap when he\'s using soap.

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Leon used to lead the left-wing activists.

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He became
a figurehead of the protests.

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And that means: Risks.

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When they arrested me,
I thought they wanted to kidnap me.

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Or that they were hit men
who would make me disappear...

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as they wore plain clothes.

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But they brought me to prison.

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I was very scared,
there is a lot going on there.

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It felt like that first day in prison
lasted incredibly long.

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There were a lot of violent people.
I had to keep my guard up.

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Try to understand
what the code of conduct was.

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What you could, or could not say.

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But after a while I learned...

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that the people in prison,
and also some of the guards...

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knew about the conflict over water.

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And when they realised I was in there for
that reason, they started to support me.

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That calmed me down
and my confidence grew.

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They would also protect me
against aggressive inmates.

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They would say: \'Leave him alone,
he\'s fighting for our water.\'

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Leon had to leave his hometown.

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He is afraid that one day,
they will come back to retaliate.

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Whoever \'they\' may be.

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Leon is well aware of
what happened to his friend Óscar.

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That\'s why he rents a different house
every four months.

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All these changes
are very hard on my son Jonathan.

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Especially when it comes to friendships.

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He can\'t see
his friends from Mexicali anymore.

23:07.720 --> 23:11.120
But also changing cities
and all our habits.

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Now that he joined a football club...

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he has more contacts again, thankfully.

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He slowly starts to settle in.

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He\'s letting go of the stress
and everything we\'ve been through.

23:32.160 --> 23:38.160
It\'s getting better,
but I suffered a lot...

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from paranoia.
Persecution mania.

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Then I would think that someone...

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was a police officer in plain clothes
who wanted to hurt me or my family.

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That keeps
going round and round in my mind.

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The trauma never goes away.

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When the Dutch television rang,
their first question was:

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Who is behind the murder of Óscar?

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How should I know?

24:21.360 --> 24:28.320
Let\'s say: A large company from Belgium...

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wants to open
a confectionery factory here.

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They\'re going to sell sweets to Americans
and make a lot of money with it.

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Then I expect some people
will want to share in the profits:

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At the police, civil service, politicians
and, of course, the drug cartels.

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So if you\'re an activist
who spoils that party...

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you suddenly have a lot of enemies.

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When I interview activists...

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I have to think carefully
about what they say...

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and who they might harm by what they say.

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What I didn\'t know before...

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is that somebody who talked about
water distribution in the border region...

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would put himself in danger.

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I didn\'t realise
that we had already come to that point.

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I didn\'t know it was so dangerous.

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In my twenty years as a journalist,
I have never felt like this.

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I was with my partner and I cried out:
This cannot be true.

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He asked: \'What\'s wrong?\'

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They say Óscar has been shot dead.

26:05.320 --> 26:09.760
My partner is a photojournalist
and he knows I do a lot of interviews.

26:09.880 --> 26:13.400
He asked: \'What Óscar,
who are you talking about?\'

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That one time I went to Tecate on my own
for an interview.

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I don\'t wish that feeling
on any journalist.

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That one of your sources gets murdered.

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I made some phone calls
to find out if it was true.

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Everybody told me it was Óscar.

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People were talking about it openly.

26:40.720 --> 26:47.680
Everybody in Tecate
knew Óscar was murdered.

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It\'s remarkable, of course.

26:56.200 --> 27:00.120
Aline interviews Óscar
about a sensitive subject...

27:00.240 --> 27:03.840
and shortly after that, he is murdered.

27:03.960 --> 27:10.440
We have a saying: You don\'t
have to be a scientist to understand it.

27:10.560 --> 27:12.760
Well, this time you might.

27:15.560 --> 27:20.440
There are mountain ranges
in Baja California...

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where you\'ll find a lot of drug traffickers
who grow weed, for example.

27:28.400 --> 27:34.640
Water is being drained off
on an industrial scale there.

27:34.760 --> 27:40.200
They really don\'t want
anyone looking over their shoulder.

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Whether it\'s a journalist, an activist
or someone from the community.

27:44.200 --> 27:46.120
Nobody likes prying eyes there.

27:51.360 --> 27:54.960
Have you ever thought
about writing a feature...

27:55.080 --> 27:59.960
about who\'s behind the murder
and what their motive was?

28:00.960 --> 28:06.720
I tried that a year after he was killed.
And again, another year later.

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But the authorities
couldn\'t tell me anything specific.

28:12.480 --> 28:19.120
They only knew that the guns
that were used to kill Óscar...

28:19.240 --> 28:23.600
were also used for other crimes.

28:23.720 --> 28:31.440
But they didn\'t want to tell me anything
about the owner of those guns.

28:31.560 --> 28:33.960
Which criminal organisation it was.

28:35.520 --> 28:41.920
In Baja California various
political parties have been in power...

28:42.040 --> 28:45.800
PAN, PRI and Morena.
But no government...

28:45.920 --> 28:50.200
has ever solved the murder
of a journalist or an activist...

28:50.320 --> 28:55.240
by identifying
the person who ordered the murder.

28:55.360 --> 29:03.320
Unfortunately, Óscar\'s family,
just like all those other families...

29:03.440 --> 29:10.760
will never get
an official and plausible answer.

29:10.880 --> 29:13.800
That\'s just how it is
with cases like these.

29:34.800 --> 29:37.920
Had this been an American story...

29:38.040 --> 29:43.800
we would be working
towards a happy ending now.

29:45.360 --> 29:49.280
I would love to give you one.

29:50.280 --> 29:57.200
Surely, you will find optimism here
and a lot of joy.

30:12.880 --> 30:17.200
But this is not Hollywood California.

30:18.480 --> 30:25.000
This is Baja California,
where literally anything can happen.

30:25.120 --> 30:28.920
Where the narco state ensures...

30:29.040 --> 30:32.680
that the most important questions
will never be answered.

30:33.680 --> 30:38.960
This used to be my son\'s house.

30:39.080 --> 30:43.760
But after he passed,
the house stayed empty.

30:49.200 --> 30:55.400
If you visit the home of a deceased,
you are their guest...

30:55.520 --> 30:57.680
according to our traditions.

30:57.800 --> 31:02.760
We can\'t see him, but he\'s here with us.

31:12.400 --> 31:17.560
We will keep dancing,
drink beer...

31:17.680 --> 31:22.960
and kick up the dust of the desert
like a wild horse.

31:23.080 --> 31:28.360
But I wouldn\'t
want to call that a happy ending.

31:53.560 --> 31:58.680
There are cartels. And they are
really strong. And they are ruthless.

31:58.800 --> 32:03.080
They\'re ready to do anything
to achieve what they want...

32:03.200 --> 32:07.240
without paying a dime.
That is the work of the cartels.

32:10.640 --> 32:15.200
I tell these women:
If you tell the police, I will kill you.