00:02:07.760 --> 00:02:11.800
So we live in a society where
we're continuously being told that:

00:02:12.640 --> 00:02:14.880
If you follow the rules...

00:02:15.640 --> 00:02:18.160
...if you do well in school...

00:02:20.200 --> 00:02:22.280
....then you'll be fine.

00:02:32.360 --> 00:02:34.720
We call it "meritocracy".

00:02:36.520 --> 00:02:41.880
That those with the most merit,
those who work the hardest...

00:02:44.440 --> 00:02:47.120
...they'll be rewarded.

00:02:49.840 --> 00:02:53.080
And it's basically a lie.

00:03:02.400 --> 00:03:05.480
We actually live in a society
where those who contribute the most,

00:03:05.640 --> 00:03:07.160
often get the least.

00:03:15.320 --> 00:03:18.640
And where those who have jobs

00:03:18.800 --> 00:03:22.400
that don't contribute much
or actually destroy wealth...

00:03:23.920 --> 00:03:26.720
They get a much bigger part of the pie.

00:03:31.720 --> 00:03:33.960
And then you start to realize

00:03:34.120 --> 00:03:36.000
it doesn't have to be this way.

00:04:02.520 --> 00:04:05.720
What's really interesting to me
is that when I first

00:04:05.880 --> 00:04:08.640
started working on corruption,
I was deep in Afghanistan,

00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:11.920
and I thought this was
an Afghanistan phenomenon.

00:04:14.640 --> 00:04:18.200
In Afghanistan, you couldn't
interact with a government official

00:04:18.360 --> 00:04:21.040
without having a bribe extorted.

00:04:23.040 --> 00:04:26.600
So, and now you don't know
where Mahmoud is...

00:04:27.120 --> 00:04:30.560
Or Shaoli. Oh, he's in Kabul?
They're all in Kabul.

00:04:33.320 --> 00:04:37.320
That bribe didn't just
stop at the police officer's,

00:04:37.480 --> 00:04:41.480
or the teacher's, or the doctor's
or the clerk's pocket.

00:04:41.640 --> 00:04:45.320
Some of that bribe money,
they had to pay up the line.

00:04:49.280 --> 00:04:51.320
And I watched this.

00:04:52.440 --> 00:04:55.200
I watched someone coming in

00:04:55.360 --> 00:04:59.880
to collect the dues
for the superior one day.

00:05:00.040 --> 00:05:04.040
He went to every single customs agent
and they forked it over.

00:05:04.840 --> 00:05:09.160
Then you imagine the torrent of money
flowing upwards in the system.

00:05:09.320 --> 00:05:11.320
I realized, wow...

00:05:11.480 --> 00:05:15.440
This isn't just everybody out for himself,
this is a system.

00:05:16.480 --> 00:05:20.000
No wonder
they tried to kill you, you idiot!

00:05:23.760 --> 00:05:27.640
And then I realized,
in return for that money,

00:05:27.800 --> 00:05:33.160
all of those officials
all the way down the line, are protected.

00:05:33.760 --> 00:05:38.000
As far as the Afghan government could
protect them - and that was very far.

00:05:48.800 --> 00:05:52.920
That's what got me interested,
that what I'm seeing in Afghanistan...

00:05:53.080 --> 00:05:55.640
Maybe it's not just an Afghanistan thing.

00:05:56.440 --> 00:05:59.520
So I spent the next couple of years
traveling to other countries

00:05:59.680 --> 00:06:01.600
that were widely known to be corrupt.

00:06:01.760 --> 00:06:06.280
As far flung as Uzbekistan,
Nigeria, and Honduras.

00:06:06.440 --> 00:06:09.400
What I learned is that...

00:06:09.560 --> 00:06:14.480
...when corruption is severe
and structured, it follows a pattern.

00:06:17.920 --> 00:06:21.640
What was striking is,
I then spent a couple of years

00:06:21.800 --> 00:06:25.400
applying a framework I had developed

00:06:25.560 --> 00:06:28.040
looking at Third World corrupt countries,

00:06:28.200 --> 00:06:30.560
I decided: Let me treat my own country,

00:06:30.720 --> 00:06:34.840
let me treat the United States of America
as though it were Ethiopia,

00:06:35.000 --> 00:06:39.480
to see whether my framework fit
and what variations there were.

00:06:40.880 --> 00:06:43.600
I expected that it would fit.

00:06:43.760 --> 00:06:45.880
But I have to tell you...

00:06:46.760 --> 00:06:50.520
I was astonished at how well it fit.

00:07:07.800 --> 00:07:12.360
I think you just remember
that day, you know.

00:07:12.520 --> 00:07:17.360
And everything
that has been discovered since.

00:07:23.880 --> 00:07:26.480
It's shocking. It's very scary,

00:07:26.640 --> 00:07:28.960
especially because of Malta's size.

00:07:29.120 --> 00:07:32.200
The fact that it
happened so close to home.

00:07:39.120 --> 00:07:42.840
What I was also interested in,
in the aftermath of the murder,

00:07:43.000 --> 00:07:47.400
was this rise in civil society
and almost in consciousness.

00:07:49.760 --> 00:07:51.800
I felt a shift.

00:07:52.520 --> 00:07:56.520
With how urgent it became
for a lot of people.

00:07:59.680 --> 00:08:02.320
You become angrier. More aware.

00:08:03.960 --> 00:08:05.520
Like, wake up!

00:08:07.560 --> 00:08:11.520
You can't just sit back
and do nothing about it.

00:08:18.400 --> 00:08:23.320
I do feel like over the past few years
I've experienced a change.

00:08:24.480 --> 00:08:28.200
I feel like there's a bit of
a tense atmosphere, you know,

00:08:28.360 --> 00:08:31.800
and everyone's just
stressed-out and angry.

00:08:37.000 --> 00:08:40.640
The bay is ours, no to a yacht marina!

00:08:40.800 --> 00:08:45.200
- The bay is ours!
- No to a yacht marina!

00:08:59.600 --> 00:09:02.680
The Shift News was born
three weeks after

00:09:02.840 --> 00:09:05.960
Daphne Caruana Galizia
was assassinated.

00:09:06.880 --> 00:09:09.800
It was born out of anger,
I guess, because...

00:09:11.680 --> 00:09:15.800
...we live in an EU country
and we never imagined

00:09:15.960 --> 00:09:18.520
that a journalist could be killed
in this country.

00:09:19.720 --> 00:09:23.040
It was very clear from the start
that she was killed

00:09:23.200 --> 00:09:26.200
because of what she was reporting.

00:09:26.360 --> 00:09:31.240
All the stories lead to
the same people, the same point.

00:09:31.400 --> 00:09:34.400
Which is the collapse
of the rule of law in the country

00:09:34.560 --> 00:09:37.760
and the corruption that caused it.

00:09:41.280 --> 00:09:45.000
What my mother was uncovering
was that the political party

00:09:45.160 --> 00:09:50.040
that is currently in government,
got into government in 2013

00:09:50.200 --> 00:09:52.680
with a plan to...

00:09:54.480 --> 00:09:57.840
To make as much money for themselves

00:09:58.000 --> 00:10:01.880
personally as possible, within 10 years.

00:10:02.040 --> 00:10:05.680
They were open that they had
a ten-year plan for the country.

00:10:05.840 --> 00:10:07.760
What my mother uncovered
was that this

00:10:07.920 --> 00:10:11.520
was a ten-year plan
not in the public interest.

00:10:11.680 --> 00:10:14.560
It was a ten-year plan
for personal profit.

00:10:18.200 --> 00:10:20.720
The roadmap became very clear.

00:10:20.880 --> 00:10:26.080
The roadmap was about
selling state assets

00:10:26.240 --> 00:10:29.200
from which they would personally benefit.

00:10:29.360 --> 00:10:33.520
Why on earth would you
set up offshore companies

00:10:33.680 --> 00:10:35.960
linked to people

00:10:36.120 --> 00:10:39.160
who are connected
to the deals that you are signing off.

00:10:40.360 --> 00:10:44.720
Every single one of the contracts:
Our public hospitals,

00:10:44.880 --> 00:10:49.040
water, energy,
anything you can think of...

00:10:49.880 --> 00:10:54.760
They were selling state assets
to profit from them personally.

00:10:56.080 --> 00:11:01.600
It was part of this plan
that this network had to create

00:11:01.760 --> 00:11:05.280
what is by definition
a kleptocratic government.

00:11:05.440 --> 00:11:08.240
And use Malta...

00:11:08.400 --> 00:11:10.800
...to reap as much personal profit

00:11:10.960 --> 00:11:13.880
within the shortest
amount of time as possible.

00:11:14.040 --> 00:11:17.720
And then sail off into
the sunset on their superyachts.

00:11:30.240 --> 00:11:35.400
Kleptocracy exists
on an international scale

00:11:37.600 --> 00:11:41.560
We are living through a period
where coalitions of these...

00:11:41.720 --> 00:11:44.720
...super-rich,
of these money maximizers,

00:11:44.880 --> 00:11:53.120
gain control over the bulk
of the political and economic life.

00:11:54.960 --> 00:12:00.240
I don't just say "corrupt officials",
or "corrupt individuals"...

00:12:01.360 --> 00:12:06.320
The real danger of corruption
is how much it's the operating system

00:12:06.480 --> 00:12:09.800
of interwoven groups of people.

00:12:09.960 --> 00:12:13.040
That's why I often
use the word networks now.

00:12:13.200 --> 00:12:15.960
People will say: "Oh, Sarah,
she's a conspiracy theorist."

00:12:16.120 --> 00:12:19.040
"She thinks that there's
some kind of conspiracy here."

00:12:19.200 --> 00:12:24.480
And I would say,
there is - in a way - a conspiracy.

00:12:24.640 --> 00:12:28.000
It's not a spoken, planned conspiracy

00:12:28.160 --> 00:12:31.760
with a blueprint and
specific leaders in this net,

00:12:31.920 --> 00:12:34.320
but it is a group of people

00:12:34.480 --> 00:12:38.800
that is working
in its members' collective interest.

00:12:56.600 --> 00:12:59.320
No people are born corrupt,

00:12:59.480 --> 00:13:03.440
except people who have
some kind of psychopathic disorder.

00:13:15.400 --> 00:13:19.680
When you lie the first time,
when you lie the second time, third time,

00:13:19.840 --> 00:13:23.840
what this does to you,
is that it debases you.

00:13:24.000 --> 00:13:27.880
You get used to it.
It becomes a way of being.

00:13:32.520 --> 00:13:34.920
This is what this has done

00:13:35.080 --> 00:13:38.520
to the people who are
supposed to be the watchdogs.

00:13:41.640 --> 00:13:46.280
Lawyers, accountants,
the regulators.

00:13:47.080 --> 00:13:51.280
These are the people who are
supposed to be raising the alarm.

00:13:51.440 --> 00:13:55.400
Instead, they have been taught
to participate in this fraud.

00:13:57.280 --> 00:14:00.040
And for them,
it has become normality.

00:14:03.280 --> 00:14:05.480
Superficial wealth.

00:14:05.640 --> 00:14:08.960
It has really changed
the morality of the country.

00:14:33.080 --> 00:14:35.480
We're not fundamentally corrupt.

00:14:35.640 --> 00:14:40.720
Most of us want to help other people,
want to contribute something.

00:14:43.840 --> 00:14:47.800
There are very few people
on their death bed who think:

00:14:47.960 --> 00:14:50.840
Oh, I wish I had earned more money.

00:14:52.600 --> 00:14:56.800
I wish I had spent more time watching
PowerPoints with my colleagues.

00:14:56.960 --> 00:15:01.960
I wish I had achieved a higher position
in the management hierarchy.

00:15:06.800 --> 00:15:09.520
So that is, I think,
deeply within human nature,

00:15:09.680 --> 00:15:12.400
this creative element,
this need to belong.

00:15:12.560 --> 00:15:16.520
This need to contribute something
and to find meaning.

00:15:17.360 --> 00:15:20.480
And obviously, we've been
really good at building systems

00:15:20.640 --> 00:15:22.400
that make it very hard...

00:15:24.280 --> 00:15:26.640
...to engage in the search for meaning.

00:15:32.040 --> 00:15:37.240
There's an old idea in our culture
which is called "veneer theory".

00:15:37.400 --> 00:15:42.560
This is the idea that our civilization is
only a thin layer, only a thin veneer.

00:15:42.720 --> 00:15:45.440
And that when something happens,

00:15:45.600 --> 00:15:49.360
a disaster, a pandemic, a crisis, a war,

00:15:49.520 --> 00:15:54.600
we go back to our true selves,
we turn out to be very nasty and selfish.

00:15:55.760 --> 00:15:58.120
This idea comes back again
and again and again in our culture,

00:15:58.280 --> 00:16:01.640
that deep down, people are just selfish.
And I think it's wrong.

00:16:08.920 --> 00:16:13.680
We now have so much evidence from
so many different scientific disciplines:

00:16:13.840 --> 00:16:18.520
Anthropology, archaeology, sociology,
psychology, even economics,

00:16:18.680 --> 00:16:22.440
that shows that people
have actually evolved to cooperate,

00:16:22.600 --> 00:16:24.880
to work together.

00:16:27.720 --> 00:16:31.760
Biologists literally talk about
"survival of the friendliest",

00:16:31.920 --> 00:16:35.400
which means: the friendliest among us,
who have the most kids,

00:16:35.560 --> 00:16:40.360
have the biggest chance of passing on
their genes to the next generation.

00:16:40.520 --> 00:16:42.160
Which is very much the opposite

00:16:42.320 --> 00:16:46.040
of what I used to think
about evolutionary theory.

00:16:47.120 --> 00:16:50.600
The original term is obviously
"survival of the fittest".

00:16:51.960 --> 00:16:55.360
We've often assumed that it means
survival of the nastiest,

00:16:55.520 --> 00:17:00.640
or survival the smartest.
Turns out, in reality, for us as a species,

00:17:00.800 --> 00:17:03.680
it has meant survival of the friendliest.

00:17:04.400 --> 00:17:06.720
Because imagine
you're living in the Ice Age,

00:17:06.880 --> 00:17:11.600
where it wasn't a struggle for survival
but a snuggle for survival.

00:17:11.760 --> 00:17:15.440
You had to stick together to stay warm.

00:17:15.600 --> 00:17:19.080
If you didn't have a lot of friends,
you weren't going to survive for long.

00:17:38.560 --> 00:17:43.000
Humbleness was a prerequisite
for the biggest part of our history.

00:17:44.040 --> 00:17:48.480
And that is still deep within our DNA.

00:17:48.640 --> 00:17:53.800
So if you look at some peculiar things
that make us special as a species...

00:17:54.600 --> 00:17:57.520
Blushing, that's probably
my favorite example.

00:17:57.680 --> 00:18:00.960
We're pretty much the only species
in the whole animal kingdom,

00:18:01.120 --> 00:18:04.760
apart from some parrots,
we are the only ones that blush.

00:18:05.720 --> 00:18:08.400
Now, if you think about it.
Blushing, why do we do it?

00:18:08.560 --> 00:18:11.760
Why do we involuntarily give
away our feelings to someone else

00:18:12.800 --> 00:18:14.640
when we feel shame?

00:18:14.800 --> 00:18:17.720
Well, it helps to establish trust.

00:18:20.200 --> 00:18:22.280
It's hard to hate someone who blushes.

00:18:22.440 --> 00:18:24.840
It's really hard
to not trust someone who blushes,

00:18:25.000 --> 00:18:27.440
because then that person
is actually trustworthy.

00:18:27.600 --> 00:18:31.000
He or she shows what
he or she is really thinking.

00:18:38.400 --> 00:18:41.720
And it's pretty much
unique for our species.

00:18:41.880 --> 00:18:44.360
I think that's a telling fact.

00:18:49.840 --> 00:18:54.400
It's so important to keep on meeting
actual people in the physical world.

00:18:54.560 --> 00:18:56.520
It's why I prefer bikes over cars.

00:18:56.680 --> 00:18:59.120
Because you can actually
look one another in the eye.

00:18:59.280 --> 00:19:02.760
It's a really interesting
biological phenomenon, by the way.

00:19:02.920 --> 00:19:06.840
We're the only primate species
in the whole animal kingdom

00:19:07.000 --> 00:19:12.320
with whites around our eyes,
so we can track each other's gazes.

00:19:12.480 --> 00:19:16.080
We see that we're looking at each other,
we can look one another in the eye.

00:19:19.320 --> 00:19:21.360
We should just make
use of what's already there.

00:19:21.520 --> 00:19:24.600
It's within us.
We've evolved to connect,

00:19:24.760 --> 00:19:29.880
we've just built societies
that increase the distance between us.

00:19:30.960 --> 00:19:34.640
That's when this stress
starts to creep in and things go wrong.

00:19:58.400 --> 00:20:03.280
There's a phenomenon
in development economics

00:20:03.440 --> 00:20:06.160
called the "Resource Curse".

00:20:06.960 --> 00:20:08.640
If you look at countries

00:20:08.800 --> 00:20:14.120
like Angola, Nigeria or Venezuela,

00:20:14.280 --> 00:20:17.480
these countries with remarkable,

00:20:17.640 --> 00:20:22.720
valuable resources, often fossil fuels,
minerals, or whatever...

00:20:23.840 --> 00:20:28.520
You see, the resource
gets captured by corrupt networks,

00:20:28.680 --> 00:20:32.760
and they destroy the country.

00:20:33.440 --> 00:20:36.280
They destroy the livelihoods of people.

00:20:39.200 --> 00:20:41.960
I started thinking about that...

00:20:43.040 --> 00:20:47.360
I live in the state of West Virginia.
It's a gorgeous state.

00:20:50.320 --> 00:20:53.320
It's mountainous, with beautiful rivers...

00:20:54.000 --> 00:20:57.280
And it is being laid waste.

00:21:02.480 --> 00:21:06.320
The love of money is causing

00:21:06.480 --> 00:21:10.160
our political and business leaders,
our absentee landlords

00:21:10.320 --> 00:21:14.480
who don't even live
on the land they own, to trash it.

00:21:17.200 --> 00:21:21.440
They stripped the mountaintops
away to find coal.

00:21:21.600 --> 00:21:24.360
They called it "overburden".

00:21:24.520 --> 00:21:27.920
Irreplaceable landscapes of mountaintops.

00:21:28.080 --> 00:21:31.920
Now what they're doing is destroying
the bedrock through fracking.

00:21:32.080 --> 00:21:34.800
So our landscape is being decimated.

00:21:37.680 --> 00:21:39.000
If you look at West Virginia,

00:21:39.160 --> 00:21:43.640
you find it's one of
the poorest states in the United States.

00:21:46.240 --> 00:21:49.720
And I was trying to see
if they put any junk in it?

00:21:49.880 --> 00:21:53.200
But it doesn't look like it.
You didn't try them yet? Okay.

00:21:54.880 --> 00:22:00.720
Of course, don't you know,
that I left my change at home...

00:22:00.880 --> 00:22:03.880
I always do that. Duh!

00:22:07.840 --> 00:22:11.400
- Is that still a restaurant there?
- It is closed up.

00:22:11.560 --> 00:22:14.400
Closed up completely
or closed up today?

00:22:14.560 --> 00:22:17.480
- Closed up for good.
- Yeah... That's what I thought.

00:22:17.640 --> 00:22:20.280
I live down across the county line.

00:22:20.440 --> 00:22:24.680
I drive past here all the time
but the sign looks new.

00:22:28.080 --> 00:22:32.000
Extraction is about taking.

00:22:32.160 --> 00:22:34.880
And giving nothing back.

00:22:42.080 --> 00:22:46.600
So what you have
in a state like West Virginia is:

00:22:46.760 --> 00:22:50.080
everything is pulled out of the ground

00:22:50.240 --> 00:22:56.240
and the people - very few people -
become extraordinarily wealthy.

00:22:56.400 --> 00:23:00.400
But nothing stays. Nothing is left.

00:23:00.560 --> 00:23:02.920
None of the benefits rain down

00:23:03.080 --> 00:23:06.160
either on the ordinary people
or on the land.

00:23:18.360 --> 00:23:22.680
My neighbors do not vote.
Because from their perspective,

00:23:22.840 --> 00:23:25.800
they see that the Democratic senator
from West Virginia

00:23:25.960 --> 00:23:30.520
is a major coal baron
and he supports legislation

00:23:30.680 --> 00:23:32.960
that is favorable to coal companies.

00:23:35.560 --> 00:23:38.680
These companies,
they have plenty of money

00:23:38.840 --> 00:23:43.320
to hire lawyers
who actually draft legislation.

00:23:46.520 --> 00:23:50.520
So serving in government
is not only about

00:23:50.680 --> 00:23:53.880
taking money, public money,
and putting it in their pocket

00:23:54.040 --> 00:23:58.480
or steering public money to their friends.
I mean, they do that, right?

00:23:58.640 --> 00:24:01.280
But the really important role they play

00:24:01.440 --> 00:24:06.200
is bending and reshaping
and rewriting the rules

00:24:06.360 --> 00:24:12.200
so that those rules benefit the network
at the expense of the public interest.

00:24:26.280 --> 00:24:28.080
The Monarch is our state butterfly.

00:24:28.240 --> 00:24:32.360
I raised them for two different seasons
in my classroom.

00:24:32.520 --> 00:24:35.720
We actually put tags on them
to track them.

00:24:35.880 --> 00:24:39.040
One of our tagged butterflies
made it to Mexico.

00:24:39.920 --> 00:24:43.040
We tagged about 30, and one made it.

00:24:44.000 --> 00:24:46.040
That still had the tag on it.

00:24:46.200 --> 00:24:48.080
Just giving them experiences,

00:24:48.240 --> 00:24:50.960
letting them experience things,
the outside world,

00:24:51.120 --> 00:24:52.800
whether that's growing and gardening ,

00:24:52.960 --> 00:24:55.920
or learning about Mexico
and the Monarchs.

00:24:56.080 --> 00:24:58.640
Just those things makes school special.

00:24:58.800 --> 00:25:01.560
And those are things our kids remember.

00:25:01.720 --> 00:25:04.280
They're not going to remember
every math or reading lesson,

00:25:04.440 --> 00:25:07.080
but they're going to remember
these real-life lessons

00:25:07.240 --> 00:25:10.080
where they get to do things and interact.

00:25:10.240 --> 00:25:12.400
Those kiddos are all grown up

00:25:12.560 --> 00:25:16.440
and most of them
are out of high school now.

00:25:19.240 --> 00:25:23.040
Those things remind you
of why you're here.

00:25:23.200 --> 00:25:26.880
Why I want to be a teacher.
Why I keep pushing so hard

00:25:27.040 --> 00:25:30.400
for the things we know
our schools and our kids need.

00:25:42.440 --> 00:25:48.440
In 2017, we as teachers
got a notification

00:25:48.600 --> 00:25:52.800
that our health insurance premiums
were going to rise significantly.

00:25:54.320 --> 00:25:58.920
It was a panic...
And myself and my co-workers

00:25:59.080 --> 00:26:02.120
felt they had to make a tough choice:

00:26:02.280 --> 00:26:05.360
leave the profession
or do something to change it.

00:26:09.360 --> 00:26:12.560
And that's really what activated me.

00:26:12.720 --> 00:26:17.120
I found a Facebook group that
was formed by regular teachers

00:26:17.280 --> 00:26:21.120
and they were sharing pictures
of their pay stubs.

00:26:21.280 --> 00:26:23.960
Pictures of their medical bills.

00:26:24.120 --> 00:26:28.280
There were folks sharing their
bank account with 10 - 15 dollars in it.

00:26:29.440 --> 00:26:33.800
And we recognized and realized
that action was probably

00:26:33.960 --> 00:26:36.440
the only way we were
going to make any change.

00:26:46.440 --> 00:26:48.520
We talked, we organized.

00:26:48.680 --> 00:26:51.920
We chatted on Facebook across
the state with folks we didn't know.

00:26:52.080 --> 00:26:54.200
We just started organizing.

00:27:00.800 --> 00:27:03.520
I remember
the final rally in Charleston.

00:27:03.680 --> 00:27:06.920
I drove down,
it's about 3 hours from me.

00:27:07.720 --> 00:27:11.200
It was pouring down rain
and everyone had on red ponchos,

00:27:11.360 --> 00:27:13.000
because, you know,
"the Red for Ed (education)",

00:27:13.160 --> 00:27:16.440
And that sort of became our color.
A sea of red umbrellas...

00:27:16.600 --> 00:27:19.600
And I remember hearing,

00:27:19.760 --> 00:27:22.960
the final "We are going on strike".

00:27:28.400 --> 00:27:31.400
We love our kids! We love our kids!

00:27:31.560 --> 00:27:36.520
We love our kids! We love our kids...

00:27:38.920 --> 00:27:43.160
We love our kids! We love our kids...

00:28:02.600 --> 00:28:07.440
I have colleagues who leave their
classroom after a full day teaching

00:28:07.600 --> 00:28:10.680
and they drive Uber,
or they drive for DoorDash,

00:28:10.840 --> 00:28:14.040
or they work in the service industry,
at a restaurant or a grocery store,

00:28:14.200 --> 00:28:16.640
just to make ends meet.

00:28:20.560 --> 00:28:23.720
We need to support each other
in our struggles.

00:28:23.880 --> 00:28:27.240
We need to make sure that others know

00:28:27.400 --> 00:28:31.400
that it's not a personal failing,
that we're struggling, that we're poor.

00:28:31.560 --> 00:28:33.360
It's systemic.

00:28:33.520 --> 00:28:37.000
It's the system that's in place
that keeps us poor.

00:28:37.160 --> 00:28:42.000
And when we get
that message to other people,

00:28:42.160 --> 00:28:44.640
that's when they're moved
to cross that line.

00:28:44.800 --> 00:28:48.520
That's when they're moved to action,
to do something about it.

00:28:48.680 --> 00:28:52.680
And for some people
that just means voting differently.

00:28:52.840 --> 00:28:54.960
And that's an important part of it.

00:28:55.120 --> 00:28:57.880
But electoral politics
aren't going to save us.

00:28:58.040 --> 00:29:00.920
We've been exploited under both parties.

00:29:01.080 --> 00:29:05.080
And so we need to continue to push

00:29:05.240 --> 00:29:08.960
and to build that grassroots momentum.

00:29:24.360 --> 00:29:28.000
We live in injustice, with a sense

00:29:28.160 --> 00:29:32.520
that we have no
sovereignty over our territory.

00:29:32.680 --> 00:29:37.680
We don't get to decide
what we eat or what we grow.

00:29:39.560 --> 00:29:41.840
That right was taken away from us.

00:29:44.600 --> 00:29:47.720
They control the money everywhere.

00:29:47.880 --> 00:29:50.960
In my territory, the water.

00:29:57.080 --> 00:29:59.440
Look at the color of the water.

00:29:59.600 --> 00:30:01.920
That's my brother and my dad.

00:30:02.080 --> 00:30:04.320
This photo was taken
by my mother.

00:30:04.480 --> 00:30:07.400
Here's the date:
February 16th, 1998.

00:30:07.560 --> 00:30:09.600
This is the same day.

00:30:10.560 --> 00:30:12.680
It covered all this area.

00:30:12.840 --> 00:30:19.040
This was a safe place to swim.
Where children could go swimming.

00:30:19.200 --> 00:30:22.640
That's me.
I was seven years old at the time.

00:30:24.600 --> 00:30:27.600
You ask yourself, how far will this go?

00:30:28.600 --> 00:30:31.000
Where will it all end?

00:30:32.440 --> 00:30:36.440
Who benefits?
Where are the benefits?

00:30:40.400 --> 00:30:44.720
- How long since you stopped sowing?
- About 7 years.

00:30:44.880 --> 00:30:49.840
- That's incredible...
- We've had 12 years of drought.

00:30:50.000 --> 00:30:54.480
The mining companies
have destroyed our lives.

00:30:54.640 --> 00:30:57.480
It's all dried out.

00:31:00.360 --> 00:31:03.560
There is a conflict of interest,
and what hurts the most

00:31:03.720 --> 00:31:06.600
is that we can only
water our crops once a week

00:31:06.760 --> 00:31:10.720
and we only have water for 20 minutes.

00:31:18.840 --> 00:31:23.960
Coexisting with the mines, in this valley
that forms the natural border

00:31:24.120 --> 00:31:27.360
to the Chilean desert, is Choapa valley.

00:31:27.520 --> 00:31:31.640
They put a mine in this valley that uses
400 liters of water per second,

00:31:31.800 --> 00:31:37.200
and grows monocultures of avocados,
tangerines, oranges, and lemons.

00:31:38.480 --> 00:31:40.640
That's unsustainable.

00:31:42.560 --> 00:31:46.960
Choapa Valley - Sacrifice zone

00:32:31.960 --> 00:32:34.520
Chile is a country characterized

00:32:34.680 --> 00:32:40.400
by its high rate of extractivism,
at all levels.

00:32:42.040 --> 00:32:44.720
And that's what we're aiming for,
to inspire others.

00:32:44.880 --> 00:32:48.200
To inspire with words,
gestures or images.

00:32:53.960 --> 00:32:58.880
It's distorted... But I'm shooting
for something more like that.

00:32:59.040 --> 00:33:01.640
I put on a new trunk.

00:33:03.280 --> 00:33:06.160
To make people realize that we are born

00:33:06.320 --> 00:33:08.880
in a system that is imposed on us.

00:33:09.040 --> 00:33:10.840
A bit more, go...

00:33:11.000 --> 00:33:14.680
But that we are able to change it.

00:33:15.560 --> 00:33:20.040
And environmental issues
are fundamental to us as well.

00:33:20.200 --> 00:33:24.840
To realize where all this is going
if we don't do anything.

00:33:34.240 --> 00:33:37.240
SOW SEEDS OF JUSTICE

00:33:37.400 --> 00:33:43.160
Something interesting happened:
artists were asking: "What can I do?"

00:33:43.320 --> 00:33:46.720
I make stencils,
do graffiti, make music...

00:33:48.400 --> 00:33:50.880
The dancers performed in the street...

00:33:52.920 --> 00:33:56.520
We were very persistent.

00:34:02.240 --> 00:34:04.000
It's a statement.

00:34:05.720 --> 00:34:09.960
We can imagine a new world,
how we want things to be.

00:34:10.120 --> 00:34:12.200
There are no limits.

00:34:13.800 --> 00:34:16.360
MAKE HOPE GROW

00:34:42.160 --> 00:34:46.320
When people pass by,

00:34:46.480 --> 00:34:52.880
I'd like them to reflect on what they see.

00:34:53.040 --> 00:34:55.200
To question why this is taking place.

00:34:57.160 --> 00:34:59.840
What is happening in our society?

00:35:01.480 --> 00:35:04.200
I do feel like a rebel.

00:35:04.360 --> 00:35:09.080
- What you're doing is fantastic.
- Thank you very much.

00:35:09.240 --> 00:35:12.720
This country can be amazing,
with all the culture you guys provide.

00:35:13.680 --> 00:35:15.720
Bye, thanks.

00:35:25.640 --> 00:35:29.840
I used to consider myself
as pretty apolitical.

00:35:30.000 --> 00:35:34.680
I didn't really like going to protests.

00:35:36.960 --> 00:35:40.040
My generation
is the one that did nothing.

00:35:42.880 --> 00:35:45.720
While younger generations,

00:35:45.880 --> 00:35:47.920
the student movement,

00:35:48.080 --> 00:35:51.400
they were the ones
who took to the streets.

00:35:56.600 --> 00:36:00.560
And that led to the uprising.

00:36:00.720 --> 00:36:03.200
The week before it went down,

00:36:03.360 --> 00:36:07.360
school kids protested
against Metro ticket price hikes.

00:36:12.000 --> 00:36:15.080
We have a society that is totally unequal.

00:36:17.080 --> 00:36:22.160
The young people
revived civic awareness.

00:36:22.320 --> 00:36:26.000
"This is what's going on,
and it's not okay."

00:36:30.200 --> 00:36:34.240
What they did was amazing.

00:36:36.640 --> 00:36:40.480
It was admirable.
And I felt indebted to them.

00:36:40.640 --> 00:36:44.120
I had to do something. Get out there.

00:37:03.360 --> 00:37:05.440
The moment people are becoming angry

00:37:05.600 --> 00:37:09.120
that's the moment things
are actually already improving.

00:37:12.600 --> 00:37:15.560
People who come up with new ideas

00:37:15.720 --> 00:37:19.520
are always first dismissed
as unreasonable and annoying

00:37:19.680 --> 00:37:21.320
and a pain in the ass.

00:37:24.200 --> 00:37:29.400
But as utopia becomes a reality,
we just take it for granted.

00:37:29.560 --> 00:37:32.360
We're like, yeah,
we abolished slavery.

00:37:32.520 --> 00:37:35.320
We have the welfare state.
We have democracy.

00:37:39.040 --> 00:37:41.520
Those are milestones of civilization.

00:37:41.680 --> 00:37:45.680
But it started
as a crazy utopian fantasy.

00:37:57.280 --> 00:37:59.680
We spent two weeks
protesting in the Metro,

00:37:59.840 --> 00:38:02.720
shouting, organizing our rage.

00:38:02.880 --> 00:38:05.480
They never realized
that we were not afraid.

00:38:05.640 --> 00:38:10.040
And what would we fear
if we have nothing to lose?

00:38:10.200 --> 00:38:12.040
If we have nothing?

00:38:12.200 --> 00:38:15.640
My name is Valentina Miranda,
I'm from Lo Espejo.

00:38:15.800 --> 00:38:18.400
One of the poorest districts in Chile.

00:38:19.080 --> 00:38:23.720
I'm a dissident, pansexual activist,
young woman and feminist.

00:38:31.800 --> 00:38:36.440
Obviously, the high school students
were full of rage.

00:38:36.600 --> 00:38:41.840
This had to do with repression,
injustice and being ignored.

00:38:42.560 --> 00:38:45.040
The smartest thing we could do

00:38:45.200 --> 00:38:48.520
was to take that movement
from the classroom to the streets.

00:38:48.680 --> 00:38:52.400
To show what was going on.
And what did we achieve?

00:38:52.560 --> 00:38:56.320
People realized that we weren't only
fighting for our education,

00:38:56.480 --> 00:38:59.760
but for the welfare of the entire society.

00:39:02.640 --> 00:39:05.560
In the beginning,
we felt the need to do something.

00:39:05.720 --> 00:39:09.920
We didn't know what to do,
but we had to do something.

00:39:10.080 --> 00:39:12.920
"If you don't hop - you're a cop"

00:39:44.280 --> 00:39:48.640
The political authorities
were so indignant,

00:39:48.800 --> 00:39:52.200
that they immediately
went into repression mode.

00:40:05.560 --> 00:40:10.560
When people realized the police used
all means to repress us in the Metro,

00:40:10.720 --> 00:40:14.840
it affected everyone.
They persecuted us, they beat us.

00:40:15.000 --> 00:40:17.320
And the cops came out
to shoot pellets.

00:40:17.480 --> 00:40:20.760
People were bleeding, we didn't know
where the bullets were coming from.

00:40:31.400 --> 00:40:35.240
It was like a switch had been turned on.

00:40:36.680 --> 00:40:40.520
It was more than a switch,
the situation exploded.

00:40:46.800 --> 00:40:50.800
That same night,
the streets were filled with soldiers.

00:40:50.960 --> 00:40:53.880
A curfew. Gunshots. Deaths.

00:40:54.040 --> 00:40:56.360
So very horrible.

00:41:02.880 --> 00:41:07.320
There was murder.
People lost their eyes.

00:41:07.480 --> 00:41:13.040
A horrible thing to do,
to intentionally shoot people in the eyes!

00:41:15.560 --> 00:41:19.400
Human rights were violated
and it went on for a long time.

00:41:24.640 --> 00:41:26.880
We all knew that Chile

00:41:27.040 --> 00:41:30.840
had reached a state that was unbearable.

00:41:31.000 --> 00:41:33.760
The level of social injustice...

00:41:33.920 --> 00:41:37.640
Chile woke up. It was the last straw!

00:41:59.440 --> 00:42:03.680
People often ask me the question:
am I an optimist?

00:42:03.840 --> 00:42:06.440
And I always like to say:
"No, I'm a 'possibilist'."

00:42:06.600 --> 00:42:09.160
I believe that things can be different.

00:42:15.720 --> 00:42:18.640
Optimism is, to me,
it like is a sort of complacency.

00:42:18.800 --> 00:42:22.080
You say, don't worry.
Things will be all right.

00:42:22.240 --> 00:42:25.960
Poverty is declining.
Life expectancy is going up.

00:42:26.920 --> 00:42:29.480
History is going in the right direction.

00:42:31.800 --> 00:42:34.760
But if you put it like that,
I think it makes people lazy.

00:42:35.880 --> 00:42:38.680
Because these things
don't happen automatically.

00:42:42.520 --> 00:42:45.760
They happen because
there are some people out there

00:42:45.920 --> 00:42:48.560
who put in the effort.

00:43:32.400 --> 00:43:35.240
You don't come to a place like
this to do something.

00:43:35.400 --> 00:43:37.720
You come
to a place like this to do nothing.

00:43:40.720 --> 00:43:43.920
To slow down
and to read the environment.

00:43:44.080 --> 00:43:47.280
To sort of let it speak to you.

00:43:56.840 --> 00:44:01.920
You come to a place like this
to let it dictate its terms.

00:44:04.960 --> 00:44:09.160
Because if you try to impose
anything on fishing, it will fail.

00:44:14.200 --> 00:44:19.320
Read the water conditions, to what time
of year it is, to what time of day it is.

00:44:19.480 --> 00:44:21.280
What temperature it is.

00:44:22.120 --> 00:44:25.640
It defines itself
and you sort of have to fit in.

00:44:25.800 --> 00:44:27.080
And that's...

00:44:28.280 --> 00:44:32.320
It's a very different way of living
from the normal way that I do,

00:44:32.480 --> 00:44:35.680
which is try to make everything
fit into my strategy.

00:44:35.840 --> 00:44:39.000
Here, you have to
sort of adapt and evolve.

00:44:55.720 --> 00:44:59.000
I started as a reservist
in military intelligence,

00:44:59.160 --> 00:45:02.880
went through psychological
operations with tours in Afghanistan,

00:45:03.040 --> 00:45:06.280
and then ended up connected
with Special Forces.

00:45:15.280 --> 00:45:18.960
And since then,
I've worked for a company called SCL,

00:45:19.120 --> 00:45:21.320
Strategic Communication Laboratories,

00:45:21.480 --> 00:45:25.760
which is better known later
as Cambridge Analytica.

00:45:26.560 --> 00:45:30.920
I did multiple election campaigns
for them in the Caribbean.

00:45:32.960 --> 00:45:36.440
I left that company on ethical grounds.

00:45:41.400 --> 00:45:45.240
I was personally involved with
representing prime ministers

00:45:45.400 --> 00:45:46.840
to make sure they won their elections.

00:45:47.000 --> 00:45:50.760
But part of that is doing
something called black ops or gray ops,

00:45:50.920 --> 00:45:53.160
that can be used to win elections.

00:45:53.320 --> 00:45:56.800
It's not just about promoting your own
candidate, it's also about making sure

00:45:56.960 --> 00:46:00.760
that the person against you
doesn't look good.

00:46:03.360 --> 00:46:06.040
You see how the water's
completely changed,

00:46:06.200 --> 00:46:08.320
just because
that slight breeze has come over it,

00:46:08.480 --> 00:46:10.240
it's just completely like a...

00:46:11.600 --> 00:46:14.160
Totally changed the character.

00:46:21.200 --> 00:46:22.640
When I worked in the Caribbean,

00:46:22.800 --> 00:46:26.080
I was suspicious
of where the money was coming from.

00:46:26.240 --> 00:46:28.600
All I heard was there was a financier.

00:46:28.760 --> 00:46:31.120
The Prime Minister
would refer to "the financier".

00:46:31.280 --> 00:46:35.840
We would be preparing budgets
for the financier on a weekly basis.

00:46:36.000 --> 00:46:38.760
Based on those budgets,
more and more millions

00:46:38.920 --> 00:46:42.520
would suddenly turn up in our account
to fight the election.

00:46:42.680 --> 00:46:46.280
What I gradually understood
was that that financier

00:46:46.440 --> 00:46:51.520
was a man called Christian Kaelin
and his company Henley & Partners,

00:46:51.680 --> 00:46:56.080
which is a golden passport company.
They sell citizenship by investment.

00:47:00.880 --> 00:47:02.840
The wealthiest,
the most successful people,

00:47:03.000 --> 00:47:04.400
are generally international.

00:47:04.560 --> 00:47:07.600
The world is becoming
an ever-volatile, ever-changing place.

00:47:07.760 --> 00:47:09.960
Changing much faster than it did before.

00:47:10.120 --> 00:47:12.680
The world is moving to global citizens.

00:47:12.840 --> 00:47:16.640
Like so many times in life,
you don't get aware of the need,

00:47:16.800 --> 00:47:21.200
until you really end up in a situation
and then it's too late.

00:47:21.360 --> 00:47:24.720
Golden passports and citizenship
by investment prides itself...

00:47:24.880 --> 00:47:29.320
It actually calls itself
a global citizenship industry.

00:47:30.160 --> 00:47:32.600
By the very nature of the global citizen,

00:47:32.760 --> 00:47:35.200
what they're doing
is hopping between identities

00:47:35.360 --> 00:47:37.440
and citizenships to avoid taxation.

00:47:44.920 --> 00:47:46.920
Look at where
all these passports are for sale.

00:47:47.080 --> 00:47:50.920
You've got Portugal and
Spain and UK and the Caribbean

00:47:51.080 --> 00:47:55.360
and Malta and all these different places
you can buy citizenship.

00:47:56.040 --> 00:47:59.640
What you're doing is creating citizens
that are beyond the reach

00:47:59.800 --> 00:48:04.480
of normal responsibility
and accountability internationally.

00:48:18.400 --> 00:48:21.000
The work started out with my mom.

00:48:21.160 --> 00:48:24.520
She was the person who broke the news

00:48:24.680 --> 00:48:28.680
that Malta was going
to start selling passports for cash.

00:48:30.280 --> 00:48:33.760
It's another one of those
that you wouldn't believe

00:48:33.920 --> 00:48:37.120
belongs to three Nigerian millionaires.

00:48:39.320 --> 00:48:41.680
The same as the other...

00:48:41.840 --> 00:48:43.760
...most of the others, really.

00:48:44.560 --> 00:48:46.200
Ciao.

00:48:49.160 --> 00:48:54.800
Henley & Partners
is a concierge service for...

00:48:56.720 --> 00:48:59.400
...people who have money
to buy anything.

00:49:01.640 --> 00:49:05.640
They'll hook you up with
bank accounts, with trusts,

00:49:05.800 --> 00:49:09.880
property, residency, passports.

00:49:10.720 --> 00:49:13.960
They'll do pretty much
anything for money, I believe.

00:49:18.880 --> 00:49:22.280
The public inquiry into my
mother's assassination found

00:49:22.440 --> 00:49:25.520
that they created the circumstances

00:49:25.680 --> 00:49:28.200
that made my mother's murder possible.

00:49:31.560 --> 00:49:37.400
They did that, in a large part,
to protect this scheme,

00:49:37.560 --> 00:49:40.360
to protect the passport scheme.

00:49:40.520 --> 00:49:44.120
Like, this is... Here you have
the signature of Alexander Nix,

00:49:44.280 --> 00:49:46.680
who is the founder
of Cambridge Analytica.

00:49:46.840 --> 00:49:48.600
Right below that,

00:49:48.760 --> 00:49:54.480
the signature of a legal representative
of Henley & Partners.

00:50:01.760 --> 00:50:06.640
So, for example, I was representing the
Leader of the Opposition in one country,

00:50:06.800 --> 00:50:10.560
and I was getting emails
that I was in C.C. with,

00:50:10.720 --> 00:50:13.120
between Christian Kaelin,
at Henley & Partners,

00:50:13.280 --> 00:50:17.120
and the leader of the opposition
and myself saying:

00:50:17.280 --> 00:50:20.800
If you are in power,
we would be very interested,

00:50:20.960 --> 00:50:22.640
and our clients
would be very interested in,

00:50:22.800 --> 00:50:26.680
bringing about a complete reworking
of your banking system,

00:50:26.840 --> 00:50:29.880
a complete reworking of your
telecommunication system,

00:50:30.040 --> 00:50:32.600
a new deep seaport on your coast,

00:50:32.760 --> 00:50:36.920
a new real estate, huge real estate
program, that we can bring to bear.

00:50:37.080 --> 00:50:40.720
And you can already go now
and include that in your manifesto,

00:50:40.880 --> 00:50:45.440
and you can tell your public,
if you get into power, this will happen.

00:50:49.560 --> 00:50:53.480
Here is a document
that was provided to me by

00:50:53.640 --> 00:50:58.120
a Swiss private investigation team
that were looking into Henley & Partners.

00:50:58.280 --> 00:51:00.440
And this essentially has mapped out

00:51:00.600 --> 00:51:03.400
some of the countries that
Henley & Partners was involved with.

00:51:03.560 --> 00:51:06.400
Malta is one of the more complex networks.

00:51:06.560 --> 00:51:10.000
So what you can definitely see
is that Henley & Partners have gone in,

00:51:10.160 --> 00:51:12.800
engaged with the Prime Minister directly,

00:51:12.960 --> 00:51:16.160
engaged with the Chief of Staff
and with other senior ministers.

00:51:16.320 --> 00:51:19.680
Some of those senior ministers
are red-flagged here on this document

00:51:19.840 --> 00:51:23.920
because they're wanted for fraud,
for government corruption...

00:51:24.080 --> 00:51:27.080
We've got London addresses,
we've got Swiss addresses,

00:51:27.240 --> 00:51:30.440
we've got diplomatic passports,
we've got Caribbean addresses,

00:51:30.600 --> 00:51:33.960
we've got London companies...

00:51:34.120 --> 00:51:37.560
So the whole purpose of this being
so complicated, this network,

00:51:37.720 --> 00:51:42.160
is essentially to confuse you if you
were trying to hold them to account,

00:51:42.320 --> 00:51:45.320
if you were trying to make them pay tax,

00:51:45.480 --> 00:51:49.360
if you were trying to find out
how much money came in to whom.

00:51:49.520 --> 00:51:52.400
This is how difficult it is
to find out that information.

00:51:58.640 --> 00:52:04.040
What's so interesting
about these corrupt elites,

00:52:04.200 --> 00:52:08.680
is that they've created a transnational
world that just belongs to them.

00:52:08.840 --> 00:52:12.160
They may be citizens
of one country or another, technically,

00:52:12.320 --> 00:52:15.600
but they don't consider themselves
to be citizens of one country.

00:52:15.760 --> 00:52:19.280
So they live on their jets.
They live on their yachts.

00:52:19.440 --> 00:52:23.320
They live in these almost
interchangeable luxury hotels.

00:52:25.720 --> 00:52:31.920
And they don't feel
an allegiance to a country,

00:52:32.080 --> 00:52:35.400
or to the citizens of any country.

00:52:36.920 --> 00:52:38.960
Once you allow

00:52:39.120 --> 00:52:43.320
kleptocratic
officials or business leaders

00:52:43.480 --> 00:52:46.400
into the fabric
of your politics and your economy,

00:52:46.560 --> 00:52:48.960
their practices start to rub off.

00:52:52.880 --> 00:52:55.400
There is no question in my mind

00:52:55.560 --> 00:52:59.320
that in most
advanced democracies today,

00:52:59.480 --> 00:53:03.120
we are no longer living in a situation
of "one person: one vote".

00:53:03.280 --> 00:53:07.920
We're living in a situation
of "one dollar/euro: one vote".

00:53:08.080 --> 00:53:14.720
That gives wealthy,
influential, corporate executives

00:53:14.880 --> 00:53:18.560
massively disproportionate influence
over political outcomes.

00:53:26.720 --> 00:53:29.840
What you have now
is a new kind of entity

00:53:30.000 --> 00:53:33.200
which can put people
in and out of power.

00:53:34.400 --> 00:53:36.280
Oh, calm down.

00:53:36.440 --> 00:53:38.400
Calm, calm.

00:53:39.840 --> 00:53:41.960
There's no legislation

00:53:42.120 --> 00:53:46.480
to accommodate
that new modern enterprise.

00:53:46.640 --> 00:53:48.200
Calm down.

00:53:50.040 --> 00:53:51.440
Calm.

00:53:55.800 --> 00:53:58.320
Global rich buying passports,

00:53:58.480 --> 00:54:01.080
are choosing who's in and out of power.

00:54:01.240 --> 00:54:04.320
Now the mechanism exists to do that.

00:54:05.120 --> 00:54:07.920
Who's going to legislate against that?
The politicians?

00:54:08.080 --> 00:54:09.240
Calm down.

00:54:09.400 --> 00:54:11.880
No, because they'd be taken out of power.

00:54:12.040 --> 00:54:15.080
There you go, that's it.

00:54:15.240 --> 00:54:17.400
It's very easy when you talk about

00:54:17.560 --> 00:54:19.920
these techniques
to blame it on the Russians,

00:54:20.080 --> 00:54:22.240
or whoever we don't like this week...

00:54:22.400 --> 00:54:24.960
It's a beautiful looking fish.

00:54:25.120 --> 00:54:29.920
The reality is: we've been doing this,
our country has been doing this.

00:54:30.080 --> 00:54:32.960
America is doing this.
Germany is doing this.

00:54:33.120 --> 00:54:34.600
France is doing this.

00:54:34.760 --> 00:54:37.800
This combination
of strategic communications

00:54:37.960 --> 00:54:42.760
and invisible
vested interests paying for it

00:54:42.920 --> 00:54:48.840
to destabilize countries
in the interests of the rich...

00:54:52.560 --> 00:54:55.720
We're doing that. It's not a matter
of saying it's become dangerous

00:54:55.880 --> 00:54:58.920
because our enemy
somehow got involved. No, no, no.

00:54:59.080 --> 00:55:00.760
We created the danger.

00:55:00.920 --> 00:55:02.960
We promote the danger.
We sell that danger.

00:55:03.120 --> 00:55:05.800
We have been doing it for years.

00:55:19.080 --> 00:55:21.000
Are you ready to go home?

00:55:23.640 --> 00:55:25.120
Off you go.

00:55:31.120 --> 00:55:32.320
That's it.

00:55:52.200 --> 00:55:55.440
There is this really worrying
phenomenon where somehow

00:55:55.600 --> 00:56:00.680
the people who do not feel
any shame at all anymore,

00:56:00.840 --> 00:56:03.760
the most corrupt, tend to rise to the top.

00:56:03.920 --> 00:56:08.320
And they have the biggest salaries
and get all the benefits, etc.

00:56:09.040 --> 00:56:11.440
But if you abide by the rules and...

00:56:11.600 --> 00:56:14.640
...you try to contribute
to the common good...

00:56:14.800 --> 00:56:18.840
Well, that's often not very good,
at least not for your paycheck.

00:56:22.000 --> 00:56:25.480
So we have
this this upside-down economy,

00:56:25.640 --> 00:56:31.160
where the more you contribute,
the less you actually get.

00:56:38.560 --> 00:56:41.200
Taxes are the price you pay for civilization.

00:56:41.360 --> 00:56:43.120
If you make a lot of money, good for you.

00:56:43.280 --> 00:56:46.840
Then make a big contribution
to society as well.

00:56:47.000 --> 00:56:49.240
But obviously, if you know that
other people aren't doing it

00:56:49.400 --> 00:56:50.800
who are making way more
money than you.

00:56:50.960 --> 00:56:55.200
Then it's like:
Am I really going to be...

00:56:55.360 --> 00:56:57.640
...the one who does it?

00:56:57.800 --> 00:57:01.200
These people, they can't afford
armies of lawyers and accountants

00:57:01.360 --> 00:57:06.720
who will help them pay zero tax
on their earnings, they can't do that.

00:57:13.680 --> 00:57:17.640
Trust is one of the most important
things you can have in a society.

00:57:17.800 --> 00:57:21.240
It's like the oxygen of democracy.

00:57:24.960 --> 00:57:27.520
What they teach you in school
is that democracy

00:57:27.680 --> 00:57:30.400
is a certain set of rules and laws,

00:57:30.560 --> 00:57:33.360
and procedures and institutions
and a constitution.

00:57:34.400 --> 00:57:37.640
But below that lies
something much more fundamental,

00:57:37.800 --> 00:57:39.840
which is an attitude...

00:57:40.960 --> 00:57:43.280
A basic trusting attitude, where you say:

00:57:43.440 --> 00:57:47.800
everyone has a say,
everyone matters in some way.

00:57:47.960 --> 00:57:50.720
Once people don't
really believe that anymore,

00:57:50.880 --> 00:57:54.040
then it turns out
that all these laws and procedures,

00:57:54.200 --> 00:57:57.480
they're not worth much
if you don't have a democratic culture.

00:57:57.640 --> 00:58:00.880
People don't actually believe

00:58:01.040 --> 00:58:03.960
that the system also works for them.

00:58:10.720 --> 00:58:15.120
We humans, we often become
the stories that we tell ourselves.

00:58:16.880 --> 00:58:19.320
We can't afford this or that.

00:58:19.480 --> 00:58:22.680
We can't afford
a sustainable economy.

00:58:22.840 --> 00:58:27.080
We can't afford a universal basic income
because that's too expensive.

00:58:27.240 --> 00:58:30.680
That's a story as well.
It's a completely false story. It's a myth.

00:58:30.840 --> 00:58:34.000
What we really can't afford
is to totally wreck the planet.

00:58:34.160 --> 00:58:36.880
We can't afford the rich...

00:58:37.040 --> 00:58:39.400
That is really expensive.
The rich are very expensive.

00:58:51.840 --> 00:58:56.680
So there's this Greek myth,
this king called Midas.

00:59:00.600 --> 00:59:04.120
Who found a friend of a god

00:59:04.280 --> 00:59:09.000
and hosted him: had picnics for him,
and was nice to him,

00:59:09.160 --> 00:59:10.800
Then he delivered him back to the god.

00:59:14.360 --> 00:59:16.680
"Thank you so much for bringing
my friend back to me."

00:59:16.840 --> 00:59:18.880
"You can have one wish."

00:59:19.040 --> 00:59:23.480
Midas immediately said:
"I want anything I touch to turn to gold."

00:59:29.080 --> 00:59:31.320
Midas, at first, was thrilled.

00:59:31.480 --> 00:59:34.680
He would touch an apple,
he would touch a sheaf of wheat,

00:59:34.840 --> 00:59:37.120
he would touch his chair...
It turned to gold.

00:59:37.280 --> 00:59:39.600
And then he sat down to eat dinner...

00:59:40.640 --> 00:59:44.640
And he realized that he
was going to die very shortly.

00:59:44.800 --> 00:59:48.200
Because when he put his hand
out to drink a glass of water,

00:59:48.360 --> 00:59:50.520
the water turned to gold.

00:59:56.680 --> 01:00:01.120
For me, this is a very
important metaphor for money.

01:00:02.280 --> 01:00:06.440
Because today we have
made money the scorecard

01:00:06.600 --> 01:00:10.240
for how you're doing,
for your status in society.

01:00:10.400 --> 01:00:12.320
So what do we have people doing?

01:00:12.480 --> 01:00:15.880
Today, people are converting

01:00:16.040 --> 01:00:20.800
the most precious and
irreplaceable values in this world...

01:00:20.960 --> 01:00:23.200
We are destroying those things

01:00:23.360 --> 01:00:27.400
in order to add zeros to bank accounts.

01:00:52.000 --> 01:00:57.040
If you're not angry,
then you're just not paying attention.

01:01:01.120 --> 01:01:06.560
This is a country that has
the capacity to solve problems

01:01:06.720 --> 01:01:10.160
to the extent which no other country can.

01:01:11.720 --> 01:01:16.400
We have no end of highly educated,

01:01:16.560 --> 01:01:20.000
thoughtful people
with solutions to every problem,

01:01:20.160 --> 01:01:22.000
and we have no end of resources.

01:01:26.000 --> 01:01:30.720
And yet we are an outlier
in the developed world.

01:01:30.880 --> 01:01:35.720
There is simply no other country
where the losing of a job

01:01:35.880 --> 01:01:39.360
for many people
is a ticket to homelessness.

01:01:43.240 --> 01:01:45.960
Hudson Yards is in the backdrop.

01:01:46.120 --> 01:01:48.320
Hudson Yards is

01:01:48.480 --> 01:01:52.200
a development to a scale
that we've never seen in the city,

01:01:52.360 --> 01:01:55.200
but yet you have people sleeping
on the streets every night,

01:01:55.360 --> 01:01:59.360
so that contrast of poverty
and wealth existing side by side,

01:01:59.520 --> 01:02:01.960
is such a contradiction,
but this contradiction

01:02:02.120 --> 01:02:04.240
is not being addressed
in the right way.

01:02:04.400 --> 01:02:07.600
And it's at a level in New York City
that we've never seen.

01:02:07.760 --> 01:02:11.120
I've never seen homelessness
and street homelessness

01:02:11.280 --> 01:02:12.920
to the degree that we have it now.

01:02:13.080 --> 01:02:14.560
And I lived this life, you know.

01:02:14.720 --> 01:02:17.520
15 years ago,
I slept on the streets of Miami.

01:02:17.680 --> 01:02:20.040
So for me to be startled
by the number of people

01:02:20.200 --> 01:02:23.360
I see sleeping on the streets
in the subways, in the parks,

01:02:23.520 --> 01:02:25.240
it's just unfathomable.

01:02:28.120 --> 01:02:31.240
We know that
that's happening, not by accident,

01:02:31.400 --> 01:02:35.880
that's happening at the same time
that the billionaire class

01:02:36.040 --> 01:02:41.680
has managed to get more and
more power over our political system,

01:02:41.840 --> 01:02:45.880
and to use that power
to limit their own tax burden,

01:02:46.040 --> 01:02:49.520
while the tax burden goes up
for ordinary people.

01:02:50.880 --> 01:02:55.360
So the result of that is, you have
billionaires like Steve Schwarzman,

01:02:55.520 --> 01:02:58.120
who's the world's
largest private equity magnate

01:02:58.280 --> 01:03:01.400
who's handing over
a smaller share of his income

01:03:01.560 --> 01:03:03.320
to the government in taxes

01:03:03.480 --> 01:03:06.240
than the people
who are scrubbing his toilets.

01:03:07.080 --> 01:03:09.240
How did it end up that way?

01:03:24.600 --> 01:03:28.640
This entire thoroughfare
that we're on, Park Avenue,

01:03:28.800 --> 01:03:32.760
is lined with global
consulting companies...

01:03:33.760 --> 01:03:37.040
...insurance companies,
accounting firms.

01:03:37.200 --> 01:03:40.920
We're essentially talking about
asset management, wealth management.

01:03:41.080 --> 01:03:46.520
So if you think about it,
the product that they're selling

01:03:46.680 --> 01:03:50.600
is the division
that we're all experiencing.

01:03:55.440 --> 01:03:58.440
That's the tragedy of our time:
That there are super-smart people

01:03:58.600 --> 01:04:02.680
creating these really difficult
algorithms, for example,

01:04:02.840 --> 01:04:06.040
or financial products.

01:04:09.080 --> 01:04:12.360
And you have to be really smart to do it.
It's difficult work, it's hard work.

01:04:12.520 --> 01:04:14.640
You need to go to the best universities

01:04:14.800 --> 01:04:18.840
You need to go to Harvard, Princeton,
or whatever. And learn how to do it.

01:04:19.000 --> 01:04:23.760
But you don't contribute anything.
You just learn how to steal from others.

01:04:33.840 --> 01:04:38.320
If you secretly know
you're taking away a lot of money

01:04:38.480 --> 01:04:41.120
from other people in your daily work,

01:04:41.280 --> 01:04:44.520
then you have a guilty feeling about it.

01:04:44.680 --> 01:04:48.560
And what's the answer?
Well, philanthropy.

01:04:48.720 --> 01:04:51.480
You're taking away with one hand
and you're giving with the other.

01:04:51.640 --> 01:04:53.880
And you're saying: "Look, I'm doing
a lot of wonderful things!

01:04:54.040 --> 01:04:59.560
"Education for girls in Africa.
Anti-poverty." Blah, blah, blah...

01:05:01.520 --> 01:05:06.000
You have these billionaires who say:
"I don't want to pay too much in taxes,

01:05:06.160 --> 01:05:09.760
"because I actually know what
we need to do with this money,

01:05:09.920 --> 01:05:13.000
"so I'm going to give it to my own
foundation, where I'm in control."

01:05:15.880 --> 01:05:21.000
I think that things like healthcare
for everyone, high quality education,

01:05:21.160 --> 01:05:25.680
these are rights, these are not favors.
So those need to be financed by taxes.

01:05:25.840 --> 01:05:28.280
Then these taxes need
to be spent by government,

01:05:28.440 --> 01:05:32.600
a government that is accountable
to all of us, in a democracy.

01:05:36.600 --> 01:05:40.160
I heard this incredible story.

01:05:40.320 --> 01:05:42.840
I was asking about corruption, about...

01:05:44.080 --> 01:05:47.000
...the social significance of money.

01:05:47.920 --> 01:05:52.360
He said: "People with
a lot of money intimidate you."

01:05:52.520 --> 01:05:55.000
I said: "Really? How do they do that?"

01:05:55.160 --> 01:05:59.880
He said. "By giving money to you."
I said: "What do you mean?"

01:06:00.040 --> 01:06:04.000
I was imagining:
send thugs to beat you up in the street.

01:06:04.160 --> 01:06:08.320
He said: "By giving you money."
I said: "Explain."

01:06:08.480 --> 01:06:12.960
He said: "When they give you money,
you can't criticize them."

01:06:15.760 --> 01:06:19.320
"They turn you into liars."

01:06:44.840 --> 01:06:48.120
Jeff Bezos, then worth
about 200 billion dollars,

01:06:48.280 --> 01:06:52.040
blasts himself into space for 11 minutes.

01:06:52.200 --> 01:06:54.840
It cost 5.5 billion dollars.

01:06:55.000 --> 01:06:58.880
This is money that could
have been spent vaccinating

01:06:59.040 --> 01:07:01.080
the world against COVID.

01:07:01.240 --> 01:07:06.280
It could have outfitted
his own workers with protective gear.

01:07:06.440 --> 01:07:08.760
It could have boosted their wages.

01:07:08.920 --> 01:07:13.280
It could have given them
the ability to take paid sick leave.

01:07:13.440 --> 01:07:15.800
It could have
made our country more humane.

01:07:15.960 --> 01:07:19.760
Instead, he puts this money
into blasting himself into space.

01:07:19.920 --> 01:07:24.480
And after he returns to Earth, having
told us that the view is magnificent,

01:07:24.640 --> 01:07:30.080
he then thanks the workers
of Amazon for their labor,

01:07:30.240 --> 01:07:34.080
because ultimately
they paid for his journey.

01:07:34.240 --> 01:07:37.160
Which tells you a bunch of things.
One of the things it tells you,

01:07:37.320 --> 01:07:40.040
is he fully understands
where the money comes from.

01:07:40.200 --> 01:07:44.240
That you can't run a huge enterprise
like Amazon without labor.

01:07:44.400 --> 01:07:47.960
Yet, he also thinks

01:07:48.120 --> 01:07:52.080
that this cosmic lie is true.

01:07:52.240 --> 01:07:54.400
He's sold himself on the idea

01:07:54.560 --> 01:07:59.800
that he is advancing human progress
by going into space,

01:07:59.960 --> 01:08:04.600
and that even a warehouse worker
making 15 or 16 bucks an hour,

01:08:04.760 --> 01:08:08.320
worrying about how
they're going to feed their family,

01:08:08.480 --> 01:08:11.000
maybe dealing with a long commute,

01:08:11.160 --> 01:08:15.160
that that worker's somehow
going to say: "Oh, that's me up there."

01:08:15.320 --> 01:08:17.880
"I'm there along for the ride
with Jeff Bezos."

01:08:24.120 --> 01:08:27.720
I'm going to let you know right now that
on behalf of the Amazon labor union

01:08:27.880 --> 01:08:30.720
and the hundreds of thousands
of workers across this country,

01:08:30.880 --> 01:08:34.480
that we will continue to organize.

01:08:34.640 --> 01:08:37.880
I want to remind you
that this is not a left or right thing,

01:08:38.040 --> 01:08:39.840
it's a working-class issue:

01:08:40.000 --> 01:08:43.560
The workers at the bottom are the ones
who make these corporations go.

01:08:50.160 --> 01:08:55.200
Ever since the 60s, there's been
a real decrease in unionizing.

01:08:56.800 --> 01:09:00.600
The labor laws in this country
definitely weren't

01:09:00.760 --> 01:09:05.680
benefiting us for a very long time.
I think, once again, we're realizing that.

01:09:05.840 --> 01:09:08.880
We're realizing
that things have to change.

01:09:09.040 --> 01:09:15.120
It starts with the labor laws.
It starts with our workshop floors

01:09:15.280 --> 01:09:18.320
talking about unions,
getting co-workers involved,

01:09:18.480 --> 01:09:23.120
educating the generation
that we represent.

01:09:23.520 --> 01:09:28.200
Amazon, any time they feel you're a
threat to them, they try to eliminate you.

01:09:28.360 --> 01:09:30.400
We're in there breaking our ass!

01:09:30.560 --> 01:09:34.720
Hot... In the summer,
it's so hot in there, you have no idea.

01:09:34.880 --> 01:09:38.800
Air conditions don't even work.
They give you a little fan in front of you...

01:09:38.960 --> 01:09:41.440
You got to work under those conditions.

01:09:41.600 --> 01:09:44.560
Now you open your mouth about it,
you say something about it,

01:09:44.720 --> 01:09:47.800
or you push back: you're a target.

01:09:54.160 --> 01:09:58.080
These people,
every day they bother people

01:09:58.240 --> 01:10:03.160
about bullshit productivity.
"Write this guy up. Write that guy up."

01:10:04.240 --> 01:10:08.600
It's like a firing squad. It's ridiculous.

01:10:11.360 --> 01:10:14.120
If they fire you, they fucked up, because...

01:10:14.280 --> 01:10:17.640
Chris, not even an email!
What the hell is going on here?

01:10:17.800 --> 01:10:22.520
How come I'm not getting an email from
these people, telling me I am suspended?

01:10:22.680 --> 01:10:25.160
Why don't you put something on paper?
That's why I went there.

01:10:25.320 --> 01:10:28.640
- They gave you some paperwork now?
- Nothing!

01:10:28.800 --> 01:10:31.560
- Wait, hold on. What?
- Bro, they gave me nothing. Zero.

01:10:31.720 --> 01:10:36.240
- They won't even come and speak to me.
- They don't wanna put that on paper?

01:10:36.400 --> 01:10:40.680
They don't have no paper trail.
They don't want to be subpoenaed.

01:10:40.840 --> 01:10:44.680
No disrespect to anyone,
they fucked with the wrong Italian.

01:10:45.480 --> 01:10:48.560
You know... I'm holding back so bad,

01:10:48.720 --> 01:10:51.240
because we have the situation
going on with the lawyers.

01:10:51.400 --> 01:10:53.880
But I'm ready to fucking rock
these motherfuckers, man.

01:10:54.040 --> 01:10:55.960
They screwed up big time.

01:10:56.120 --> 01:11:00.360
I got 80, 90 people around me...

01:11:00.520 --> 01:11:03.720
- ...ready to go. On my shift.
- Because it's crazy! It's crazy.

01:11:03.880 --> 01:11:07.000
I be, like:
They just opened up a can of worms,

01:11:07.160 --> 01:11:11.600
they don't know what's going to hit them,
it's going to come from everywhere.

01:11:11.760 --> 01:11:14.880
Outbound, Inbound, Pick - everything!

01:11:15.040 --> 01:11:19.000
I already said they're fucking
with the wrong... Well, like, "what?"

01:11:22.360 --> 01:11:26.760
- Nice to see you.
- You alright, honey?

01:11:26.920 --> 01:11:30.960
Unionizing in this country
is definitely difficult.

01:11:33.000 --> 01:11:37.960
Facing the onslaught of Amazon
spending millions of dollars to stop us...

01:11:43.000 --> 01:11:48.440
Using everything in their power to stop
the workers from forming this union.

01:11:53.320 --> 01:11:55.600
We want to talk about Arizona for a bit.

01:11:55.760 --> 01:12:00.320
Yeah, I'll send you guys the tickets
I bought them. We got the Airbnb.

01:12:00.480 --> 01:12:03.560
So we'll have a budget
for food and transportation

01:12:03.720 --> 01:12:09.080
that I'll give to Chris closer to the
start of the trip and then the shirts...

01:12:09.240 --> 01:12:12.840
The flight departs 11 a.m.

01:12:13.000 --> 01:12:17.120
Then we have the rally in Union Square,
so make sure you sleep on the flight.

01:12:18.120 --> 01:12:23.040
In this country, we've been seeing
so much of the same exploitation

01:12:23.200 --> 01:12:25.480
for so many years and decades.

01:12:25.640 --> 01:12:28.520
I think that we're at the
breaking point now and

01:12:28.680 --> 01:12:32.760
the workers and the working class
is saying enough is enough.

01:12:39.080 --> 01:12:43.400
I think we're at a point where
the uprising of the labor movement

01:12:43.560 --> 01:12:48.480
is going to really shape
the future of this country.

01:12:48.640 --> 01:12:50.360
I'm just done with it. I've had enough.

01:12:50.520 --> 01:12:53.360
I'm ready
to flat blast Amazon, straight up.

01:12:53.520 --> 01:12:56.680
What I mean by that, I mean vocally.

01:12:57.640 --> 01:13:02.440
When you have more
money than 10,000 lifetimes,

01:13:02.600 --> 01:13:06.920
I'm pretty sure they'll
continue to fight me forever.

01:13:07.080 --> 01:13:09.360
I can tell you on our end, the same thing.

01:13:09.520 --> 01:13:13.200
We may not have
the money or the resources,

01:13:13.360 --> 01:13:15.840
but we definitely have
the power of the people.

01:13:16.000 --> 01:13:19.640
We prove that, over and over again,
when people come together,

01:13:19.800 --> 01:13:23.680
there's no amount of money
that can stop that.

01:13:24.840 --> 01:13:30.080
OK, Jeff Bezos keeps getting rich.
He was on the moon.

01:13:30.240 --> 01:13:34.760
- Chris, where was he? On the moon?
- On the way to the damn moon.

01:13:34.920 --> 01:13:38.320
He never made it to space!
Not even the outer layer...

01:13:39.240 --> 01:13:41.600
In his penis rocket.

01:14:23.600 --> 01:14:28.480
Until that moment, the Chileans were
obedient. They just kept on taking it.

01:14:28.640 --> 01:14:32.000
The students were the first to react.

01:14:39.240 --> 01:14:41.560
What happened then?

01:14:41.720 --> 01:14:44.640
Grandmothers and mothers

01:14:44.800 --> 01:14:48.160
began to support children, youngsters.

01:14:51.640 --> 01:14:54.040
They said: "I support their cause."

01:14:54.200 --> 01:14:58.560
And that's how the discourse
began to change, little by little.

01:14:59.960 --> 01:15:02.080
And from one moment to another.

01:15:05.960 --> 01:15:08.000
It was like a big wave.

01:15:14.800 --> 01:15:21.120
It was the craziest day ever in Chile,
like something in a movie script!

01:15:24.280 --> 01:15:29.280
It ended with the most massive march
in the history of the Chilean Republic.

01:15:50.800 --> 01:15:53.280
HOPE

01:16:35.480 --> 01:16:39.520
With this revolt, people realized
the power of their voices,

01:16:39.680 --> 01:16:41.640
of expressing themselves.

01:16:41.800 --> 01:16:45.000
And that you can achieve things
if you persist, persist, persist!

01:16:46.960 --> 01:16:51.280
Understanding that simply being
a woman means I'm powerful,

01:16:51.440 --> 01:16:54.160
and then sharing this with other women.

01:16:56.720 --> 01:16:59.840
The hood we wear unifies us all.

01:17:02.440 --> 01:17:05.520
Wow, it's hot.

01:17:05.680 --> 01:17:10.920
Acknowledging yourself as an
essential part of society's development.

01:17:11.080 --> 01:17:15.720
Placing value on ourselves,
not waiting for men

01:17:15.880 --> 01:17:18.080
to give us our place, our value.

01:17:18.240 --> 01:17:23.000
We need to say: "Here we are!"
Without us, you're nothing.

01:17:23.160 --> 01:17:26.640
We need you to validate us,
to see us as equals.

01:17:34.920 --> 01:17:38.320
The patriarchy is a judge

01:17:39.160 --> 01:17:40.840
That judges us for being born

01:17:43.800 --> 01:17:46.920
Our punishment

01:17:47.080 --> 01:17:49.280
is the violence you don't see.

01:17:49.440 --> 01:17:52.040
You feel supported in that rage,

01:17:52.200 --> 01:17:55.480
in a struggle that transforms into hope.

01:17:55.640 --> 01:17:59.400
It's not my fault!
Not where I was, not what I wore!

01:18:03.600 --> 01:18:07.400
It's not my fault!
Not where I was, not what I wore!

01:18:07.560 --> 01:18:11.440
It's not my fault!
Not where I was, not what I wore!

01:18:11.600 --> 01:18:13.560
The rapist is YOU.

01:18:15.360 --> 01:18:17.480
The rapist is YOU!

01:18:19.560 --> 01:18:22.120
It's the cops.

01:18:23.920 --> 01:18:25.960
The judges.

01:18:26.120 --> 01:18:27.560
"Don't let them 'disappear' me!"

01:18:27.720 --> 01:18:29.960
It's the state.

01:18:31.240 --> 01:18:33.680
It's the president.

01:18:35.920 --> 01:18:39.640
The oppressive state is a macho rapist!

01:18:40.440 --> 01:18:44.280
WHERE ARE THEY?

01:19:04.480 --> 01:19:07.360
It brings me so much...

01:19:08.520 --> 01:19:14.000
...happiness to see the cars drive by.
See the people.

01:19:15.280 --> 01:19:18.520
For two years it hasn't been like this.

01:19:18.960 --> 01:19:22.800
During the social uprising...

01:19:22.960 --> 01:19:26.520
...this was part of the epicenter.

01:19:26.680 --> 01:19:32.120
When the police attacked us
with water cannons and stones.

01:19:32.280 --> 01:19:35.120
I saw how they beat people.

01:19:40.480 --> 01:19:44.280
To see happy people now...

01:19:45.280 --> 01:19:47.760
...stirs up my emotions.

01:19:54.680 --> 01:19:57.800
The social uprising
was not only a revolt against society,

01:19:57.960 --> 01:20:01.160
it was a female uprising.

01:20:01.320 --> 01:20:05.840
So much happened, like women going
out on the streets in great numbers.

01:20:09.120 --> 01:20:13.560
But even so, I still don't feel
safe in the streets.

01:20:15.360 --> 01:20:18.320
Because it's too easy
to make women disappear.

01:20:18.480 --> 01:20:24.120
I can go out and no one
will ever hear from me again.

01:20:25.680 --> 01:20:28.240
I find that brutal.

01:20:28.400 --> 01:20:32.800
How can it be so easy to make
a human being, a woman, disappear?

01:20:47.400 --> 01:20:49.160
The biggest injustices happen in silence,

01:20:49.320 --> 01:20:51.120
when no one's talking about it.

01:20:55.720 --> 01:20:59.160
Change starts in the fringes,
then it moves towards the center.

01:21:00.920 --> 01:21:02.840
And that's highly paradoxical.

01:21:03.000 --> 01:21:06.000
How many George Floyds
have there been before George Floyd

01:21:06.160 --> 01:21:09.360
that didn't cause this massive uprising?

01:21:11.040 --> 01:21:14.120
That is so difficult
to wrap your head around.

01:21:14.280 --> 01:21:18.400
But it's something
to give you hope in the dark.

01:21:20.680 --> 01:21:23.440
Look, like this.
Let it follow the shape of the wall.

01:21:23.600 --> 01:21:25.840
Use your hands.

01:21:26.000 --> 01:21:28.920
Press down hard and follow the curves.

01:21:31.160 --> 01:21:33.320
Those at the top...

01:21:33.480 --> 01:21:35.920
...they want you to be cynical.

01:21:36.080 --> 01:21:39.160
Because it's easier to rule
people who are cynical.

01:21:41.360 --> 01:21:43.640
If you think about what the news is,

01:21:43.800 --> 01:21:46.160
this drug that we
consume on a daily basis.

01:21:46.320 --> 01:21:49.120
Well, the news is by definition,
all about the negative,

01:21:49.280 --> 01:21:51.560
the incidents, the things that go wrong.

01:21:54.760 --> 01:21:59.280
For decades now, psychologists
call it "The Mean World Syndrome".

01:21:59.440 --> 01:22:01.600
People who follow a lot of the news,

01:22:01.760 --> 01:22:05.640
watch a lot of television
or click on all these online articles

01:22:05.800 --> 01:22:08.560
that Facebook
pushes up high in our timelines,

01:22:08.720 --> 01:22:11.080
these people
suffer from Mean World Syndrome.

01:22:11.240 --> 01:22:13.720
They tend to be
more cynical and depressed.

01:22:13.880 --> 01:22:17.880
If you become more cynical
and depressed, then...

01:22:18.840 --> 01:22:20.800
...you don't really
become much of an activist.

01:22:20.960 --> 01:22:22.840
Because what's the point, anyway?

01:22:23.000 --> 01:22:25.160
There's no point to it, because you're
never going to change the world.

01:22:25.320 --> 01:22:27.520
Because it's hopeless.

01:22:42.680 --> 01:22:44.600
Well...

01:22:48.000 --> 01:22:51.680
One of the things I love about
the Greek myth of the Hydra,

01:22:51.840 --> 01:22:55.080
is how the Hydra was finally defeated.

01:23:00.080 --> 01:23:03.480
This creature that lived in the swamps...

01:23:10.200 --> 01:23:13.920
Every time you cut off one head,
two more would grow.

01:23:20.040 --> 01:23:24.120
And so Hercules
was sent to kill the Hydra.

01:23:24.280 --> 01:23:28.240
And he tried with his club
and with his sword.

01:23:30.240 --> 01:23:34.760
Even a hero like Hercules
couldn't kill the Hydra alone.

01:23:43.400 --> 01:23:46.680
You needed very different
types of people with different skills

01:23:46.840 --> 01:23:49.320
and different backgrounds...

01:23:49.480 --> 01:23:55.120
...to be able, not only to chop
off the head of the corrupt system...

01:23:58.000 --> 01:24:01.480
...but then also
to come up with mechanisms

01:24:01.640 --> 01:24:04.720
to keep new heads from growing back.

01:24:08.800 --> 01:24:12.440
It's not enough
just to topple a corrupt government.

01:24:32.200 --> 01:24:35.040
I am very grateful

01:24:35.200 --> 01:24:37.640
to the people who voted for me.

01:24:40.200 --> 01:24:45.560
I'm writing the new Constitution of Chile.
Who would have guessed such a thing?

01:24:59.920 --> 01:25:05.640
The Constitutional Convention
is a space for which

01:25:05.800 --> 01:25:12.280
thousands of Chileans have
worked hard for, for many years.

01:25:17.680 --> 01:25:21.400
A democratic and equal constitution,
written together

01:25:21.560 --> 01:25:26.200
with our indigenous peoples.
It's a source of joy and pride.

01:25:29.120 --> 01:25:30.880
It's exciting.

01:25:31.040 --> 01:25:35.600
There is no other word
that describes my feelings.

01:25:48.920 --> 01:25:51.680
That is the most remarkable
thing about this process,

01:25:51.840 --> 01:25:55.200
that the social uprising
finally caused the bubbling cauldron

01:25:55.360 --> 01:25:59.040
of many years of inequalities
to explode.

01:26:02.280 --> 01:26:05.440
They're killing this little plant.

01:26:27.360 --> 01:26:30.720
Conventional constituent
Valentina Miranda.

01:26:32.280 --> 01:26:36.960
I'm 21. I'm one of those lowlifes, one of
the broken, the prickly, the indigenous.

01:26:37.120 --> 01:26:40.680
A daughter of public education,
with a humble family.

01:26:40.840 --> 01:26:42.440
A daughter of poverty.

01:26:42.600 --> 01:26:46.480
I grew up among
drugs, poverty, extractivism,

01:26:46.640 --> 01:26:49.360
the violation of human rights,
and corruption.

01:26:49.520 --> 01:26:52.520
My responsibility
is to fight for everybody.

01:26:54.320 --> 01:26:57.880
Fight for education,
health, housing.

01:26:59.960 --> 01:27:02.680
Fight for the right to a living wage.

01:27:03.520 --> 01:27:05.720
Fight to end them killing us

01:27:05.880 --> 01:27:08.720
just because we are women
or sexual dissidents.

01:27:09.560 --> 01:27:12.800
Fight for the dignity
of the people of Chile.

01:27:13.640 --> 01:27:18.680
I'm fighting for the dignity of my family,
for the dignity of every single individual.

01:27:22.360 --> 01:27:25.640
And my conviction
is that we are creating a constitution

01:27:25.800 --> 01:27:30.480
that is eco-friendly, feminist,
plurinational, and intercultural.

01:27:44.840 --> 01:27:48.200
The government
has been in power for 4 years.

01:27:48.360 --> 01:27:52.240
But the constitution
will last for... I don't know,

01:27:52.400 --> 01:27:55.880
50 years, perhaps.
Until we decide to change it.

01:28:20.760 --> 01:28:24.560
There's an old story
floating around on the internet

01:28:24.720 --> 01:28:28.120
and no one really
knows where it comes from.

01:28:29.000 --> 01:28:31.760
It's a very simple story
about an old man

01:28:31.920 --> 01:28:34.240
who tells his grandson

01:28:34.400 --> 01:28:37.600
that there are two wolves
fighting in each and every one of us.

01:28:37.760 --> 01:28:39.520
One wolf is the bad wolf.

01:28:39.680 --> 01:28:41.760
He's arrogant, angry.

01:28:43.440 --> 01:28:45.040
The other wolf is the good wolf.

01:28:45.200 --> 01:28:48.360
He's empathetic,
compassionate, friendly.

01:28:49.440 --> 01:28:51.680
And then the grandson
asks the question:

01:28:53.160 --> 01:28:55.000
"Which wolf is going to win?"

01:28:55.160 --> 01:28:57.280
And the simple answer is:

01:28:57.440 --> 01:28:59.240
"The one you feed."